The history of coiffeur ' FRANCE'

The history of the coiffeur dates back to ancient civilizations when hairdressing was not only a form of grooming but also a status symbol. In Ancient Egypt, around 3000 BCE, both men and women used elaborate hairstyles and wigs, often adorned with gold and beads. Barbers and hairdressers served the wealthy, using razors and perfumes to enhance beauty. Similarly, in Ancient Greece and Rome, barbershops (tonstrinae) were social gathering places where men had their hair cut and beards styled. Roman women, especially aristocrats, relied on skilled slaves and early coiffeurs to create elaborate curls and braids.

During the Middle Ages, hairstyling lost prominence, as religious influence promoted modesty and simplicity. Monks shaved their heads (tonsure), and barbers, known as barber-surgeons, performed minor medical procedures alongside hair cutting. By the Renaissance, however, fashion and hairstyling flourished again. The French court, particularly under Louis XIV (17th century), set global trends with extravagant wigs (perruques), leading to the rise of professional wigmakers and coiffeurs.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Paris became the center of haute coiffure. Wealthy women sought celebrity hairdressers, such as Léonard Autié, who styled Marie Antoinette's iconic hairdos. The industrial revolution brought advancements in hair products and tools, allowing for greater hairstyling possibilities.

By the 20th century, the rise of salons made professional hairstyling accessible to the public. Innovators like Vidal Sassoon introduced modern, geometric cuts, while famous hairdressers became part of the fashion world. Today, coiffeur refers to luxury hairstylists who set trends in haute couture and beauty.